Mixing Rules for an Exact Determination of the Dielectric Properties of Engine Soot Using the Microwave Cavity Perturbation Method and Its Application in Gasoline Particulate Filters

DOI zum Zitieren der Version auf EPub Bayreuth: https://doi.org/10.15495/EPub_UBT_00006902
URN to cite this document: urn:nbn:de:bvb:703-epub-6902-7

Title data

Walter, Stefanie ; Schwanzer, Peter ; Steiner, Carsten ; Hagen, Gunter ; Rabl, Hans-Peter ; Dietrich, Markus ; Moos, Ralf:
Mixing Rules for an Exact Determination of the Dielectric Properties of Engine Soot Using the Microwave Cavity Perturbation Method and Its Application in Gasoline Particulate Filters.
In: Sensors. Vol. 22 (2022) Issue 9 . - No. 3311.
ISSN 1424-8220
DOI der Verlagsversion: https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093311

	Format: PDF Name: sensors-22-03311-v2.pdf Version: Published Version Available under License Creative Commons BY 4.0: Attribution
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Project information

Project title:	Project's official title Project's id Load Sensor for GPF AZ-1288-17 Open Access Publizieren No information
Project financing:	Bayerische Forschungsstiftung

Abstract

In recent years, particulate filters have become mandatory in almost all gasoline-powered vehicles to comply with emission standards regarding particulate number. In contrast to diesel applications, monitoring gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) by differential pressure sensors is challenging due to lower soot masses to be deposited in the GPFs. A different approach to determine the soot loading of GPFs is a radio frequency-based sensor (RF sensor). To facilitate sensor development, in previous work, a simulation model was created to determine the RF signal at arbitrary engine operating points. To ensure accuracy, the exact dielectric properties of the soot need to be known. This work has shown how small samples of soot-loaded filter are sufficient to determine the dielectric properties of soot itself using the microwave cavity perturbation method. For this purpose, mixing rules were determined through simulation and measurement, allowing the air and substrate fraction of the sample to be considered. Due to the different geometry of filter substrates compared to crushed soot samples, a different mixing rule had to be derived to calculate the effective filter properties required for the simulation model. The accuracy of the determined mixing rules and the underlying simulation model could be verified by comparative measurements on an engine test bench.

Further data

Item Type:	Article in a journal
Keywords:	gasoline particulate filter (GPF); radio-frequency (RF); soot mass determination; finite element method (FEM); microwave cavity perturbation; dielectric properties; mixing rule
DDC Subjects:	600 Technology, medicine, applied sciences > 620 Engineering
Institutions of the University:	Faculties > Faculty of Engineering Science Faculties > Faculty of Engineering Science > Chair Functional Materials > Chair Functional Materials - Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ralf Moos Profile Fields > Advanced Fields > Advanced Materials Research Institutions > Central research institutes > Bayreuth Center for Material Science and Engineering - BayMAT Research Institutions > Research Units > BERC - Bayreuth Engine Research Center Faculties Faculties > Faculty of Engineering Science > Chair Functional Materials Profile Fields Profile Fields > Advanced Fields Research Institutions Research Institutions > Central research institutes Research Institutions > Research Units
Language:	English
Originates at UBT:	Yes
URN:	urn:nbn:de:bvb:703-epub-6902-7
Date Deposited:	21 Mar 2023 09:54
Last Modified:	21 Mar 2023 09:54
URI:	https://epub.uni-bayreuth.de/id/eprint/6902

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